Use visualization to picture what the speaker is saying.

Chances are they won't be describing your dream vacation, but if you can picture what is being said, it will help you to remember. Even better would be to use as many of your 5 senses as you can. For example, if your boss is giving you his/her coffee order, and you can smell or taste the ingredients as he/she is saying them, then you are more likely to remember them next time. Wouldn't it be awesome if you could surprise your boss next week with their exact coffee?! I smell a promotion!